Sun 27 Mar 2016 09:53:36 PM -03

• Author: James Bamford

Excerpts

For reasons of security, as well as the fact that the State De-
partment's portion of the budget could not by law be spent within
the District of Columbia, Yardley set up shop in New York City.
After first considering a building at 17 East 36 Street, he finally
settled on a stately four-story brownstone at 3 East 38 Street,
owned by an old friend.

--- page 13 (pdf) e 25 (book)

The key to the legislation could have been dreamed up by Franz Kafka: the
establishment of a supersecret federal court.  Sealed away behind a
cipher-locked door in a windowless room on the top floor of the Justice
Department building, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court is most
certainly the strangest creation in the history of the federal Judiciary. Its
establishment was the product of compromises between legislators who wanted the
NSA and FBI, the only agencies affected by the FISA, to follow the standard
procedure of obtaining a court order re- quired in criminal investigations, and
legislators who felt the agencies should have no regulation whatsoever in their
foreign intelligence surveillances.

[...]

Almost unheard of outside the inner sanctum of the intelligence
establishment, the court is like no other. It sits in secret session, holds no
adversary hearings, and issues almost no public opinions or reports. It is
listed in neither the Government Organization Manual nor the United States
Court Directory and has even tried to keep its precise location a secret. "On
its face," said one legal authority familiar with the court, "it is an affront
to the traditional American concept of justice."

-- page 453

[...]

Then there is the last, and possibly most intriguing, part of the definition,
which stipulates that NSA has not "acquired" anything until the communication
has been processed "into an intelligible form intended for human inspection."
NSA is there- fore free to intercept all communications, domestic as well as
foreign, without ever coming under the law. Only when it selects the "contents"
of a particular communication for further "proc- essing" does the FISA take
effect.

-- page 458

Like most things in Britain, the practice of eavesdropping is
deeply rooted in tradition and probably dates back at least to
1653. In that year Lord Thurloe created what was known as
"The Secret Office," which specialized in clandestinely opening
and copying international correspondence. That custom later
carried over to telegrams and finally the telephone shortly after
it was first introduced in England in 1879.

-- page 487